How to convert PDF to PNG (high quality, free)

pip install pdf2image
# Also requires Poppler, install with:
# macOS:  brew install poppler
# Ubuntu: apt install poppler-utils

from pdf2image import convert_from_path
 
# Convert all pages at 150 DPI
images = convert_from_path('document.pdf', dpi=150)
 
for i, img in enumerate(images):
    img.save(f'page_{i+1}.png', 'PNG')
 
print(f'Converted {len(images)} pages')

images = convert_from_path('document.pdf', dpi=300)
 
for i, img in enumerate(images):
    img.save(f'page_{i+1}_hires.png', 'PNG')

# Pages 2 and 3 only (first_page and last_page are 1-indexed)
images = convert_from_path('document.pdf', dpi=150, first_page=2, last_page=3)

from pdf2image import convert_from_path
from PIL import Image
 
images = convert_from_path('logo.pdf', dpi=300, fmt='png',
                           transparent=True)
images[0].save('logo.png', 'PNG')

npm install pdfjs-dist canvas

import { getDocument } from 'pdfjs-dist/legacy/build/pdf.mjs';
import { createCanvas } from 'canvas';
import fs from 'fs';
 
async function pdfToPng(pdfPath, dpi = 150) {
  const scale = dpi / 72; // PDF coordinates use points: 1 point = 1/72 inch (ISO 32000 spec)
  const data = new Uint8Array(fs.readFileSync(pdfPath));
  const pdf = await getDocument({ data }).promise;
 
  for (let i = 1; i <= pdf.numPages; i++) {
    const page = await pdf.getPage(i);
    const viewport = page.getViewport({ scale });
    const canvas = createCanvas(viewport.width, viewport.height);
    const ctx = canvas.getContext('2d');
 
    await page.render({ canvasContext: ctx, viewport }).promise;
 
    const buffer = canvas.toBuffer('image/png');
    fs.writeFileSync(`page_${i}.png`, buffer);
    console.log(`Rendered page ${i} at ${dpi} DPI`);
  }
}
 
await pdfToPng('document.pdf', 150);

# Convert all pages to PNG at 150 DPI
pdftoppm -png -r 150 document.pdf page
 
# Output: page-1.png, page-2.png, ...
 
# 300 DPI for print-ready output
pdftoppm -png -r 300 document.pdf page_hires
 
# Convert only page 3
pdftoppm -png -r 150 -f 3 -l 3 document.pdf page

# macOS
brew install poppler
 
# Ubuntu / Debian
apt install poppler-utils

# Single page
convert -density 150 document.pdf[0] page_1.png
 
# All pages
convert -density 150 document.pdf page_%d.png
 
# With transparent background
convert -density 150 -background none document.pdf[0] page_1.png

import { chromium } from 'playwright';
import fs from 'fs';
 
async function pdfPageToScreenshot(pdfPath, pageIndex = 0) {
  // Serve the PDF locally or embed as data URL
  const pdfBytes = fs.readFileSync(pdfPath);
  const base64 = pdfBytes.toString('base64');
  const dataUrl = `data:application/pdf;base64,${base64}`;
 
  const browser = await chromium.launch();
  const page = await browser.newPage();
 
  await page.goto(dataUrl);
  await page.waitForLoadState('networkidle');
 
  const screenshot = await page.screenshot({ fullPage: true });
  fs.writeFileSync('page.png', screenshot);
  await browser.close();
}

// Step 1: generate the PDF
async function generateAndPreview(templateId, data) {
  const pdfResponse = await fetch('https://pdf4.dev/api/v1/render', {
    method: 'POST',
    headers: {
      'Authorization': `Bearer ${process.env.PDF4_API_KEY}`,
      'Content-Type': 'application/json',
    },
    body: JSON.stringify({ template_id: templateId, data }),
  });
  const pdfBytes = await pdfResponse.arrayBuffer();
 
  // Step 2: convert first page to PNG for a preview thumbnail
  const { getDocument } = await import('pdfjs-dist');
  const pdf = await getDocument({ data: pdfBytes }).promise;
  const page = await pdf.getPage(1);
  const viewport = page.getViewport({ scale: 2 }); // ~150 DPI equivalent
 
  const canvas = document.createElement('canvas');
  canvas.width = viewport.width;
  canvas.height = viewport.height;
  await page.render({ canvasContext: canvas.getContext('2d'), viewport }).promise;
 
  return {
    pdf: pdfBytes,
    preview: canvas.toDataURL('image/png'),
  };
}

# Using pdftoppm, converts every PDF in current folder
for pdf in *.pdf; do
  name="${pdf%.pdf}"
  pdftoppm -png -r 150 "$pdf" "${name}_page"
done

import os
from pdf2image import convert_from_path
 
for filename in os.listdir('.'):
    if filename.endswith('.pdf'):
        name = filename[:-4]
        images = convert_from_path(filename, dpi=150)
        for i, img in enumerate(images):
            img.save(f'{name}_page_{i+1}.png', 'PNG')
        print(f'Converted {filename}: {len(images)} pages')